父母爱情

Communities can't recycle or trash disposable e-cigarettes. So what happens to them?_我的网站

战狼2

一 | 日前，杭州交警发布大型活动交通管理通告：8月13日、14日、15日、16日每日19时至22时30分，奥体中心将举行大型群众性活动。现将有关事项通告如下↓↓杭州这些道路出行有变一、活动当日18时至19时30分，扬帆路（滨盛路至闻涛路段）视情采取机动车由滨盛路往闻涛路方向单向通行措施。二、活动当日18时至活动结束，飞虹路（奔竞大道至闻涛路段）视情禁止机动车通行。 WASHINGTON -- With the growing popularity of disposable e-cigarettes, communities across the U.S. are confronting a new vaping problem: how to safely get rid of millions of small, battery-powered devices that are considered hazardous waste.For years, the debate surrounding vaping largely centered on its risks for high school and middle school students enticed by flavors like gummy bear, lemonade and watermelon.But the recent shift toward e-cigarettes that can’t be refilled has created a new environmental dilemma. The devices, which contain nicotine, lithium and other metals, cannot be reused or recycled. Under federal environmental law, they also aren’t supposed to go in the trash.U.S. teens and adults are buying roughly 12 million disposable vapes per month. With little federal guidance, local officials are finding their own ways to dispose of e-cigarettes collected from schools, colleges, vape shops and other sites.“We are in a really weird regulatory place where there is no legal place to put these and yet we know, every year, tens of millions of disposables are thrown in the trash,” said Yogi Hale Hendlin, a health and environmental researcher at the University of California, San Francisco.In late August, sanitation workers in Monroe County, New York, packed more than 5,500 brightly colored e-cigarettes into 55-gallon steel drums for transport. Their destination? A giant, industrial waste incinerator in northern Arkansas, where they would be melted down.Sending 350 pounds of vapes across the country to be burned into ash may not sound environmentally friendly. But local officials say it’s the only way to keep the nicotine-filled devices out of sewers, waterways and landfills, where their lithium batteries can catch fire.“These are very insidious devices,” said Michael Garland, who directs the county’s environmental services. “They’re a fire risk and they’re certainly an environmental contaminant if not managed properly.”Elsewhere, the disposal process has become both costly and complicated. In New York City, for example, officials are seizing hundreds of thousands of banned vapes from local stores and spending about 85 cents each for disposal.HAZARDOUS WASTEVaping critics say the industry has skirted responsibility for the environmental impact of its products, while federal regulators have failed to force changes that could make vaping components easier to recycle or less wasteful.Among the possible changes: standards requiring that e-cigarettes be reusable or forcing manufacturers to fund collection and recycling programs. New York, California and several other states have so-called extended product responsibility laws for computers and other electronics. But those laws don't cover vaping products and there are no comparable federal requirements for any industry.Environmental Protection Agency rules for hazardous waste don’t apply to households, meaning it's legal for someone to throw e-cigarettes in the garbage at home. But most businesses, schools and government facilities are subject to EPA standards in how they handle harmful chemicals like nicotine, which the EPA considers an “acute hazardous waste," because it can be poisonous at high levels.In the U.S., the push to manage disposable e-cigarettes has chiefly come from schools, which can face stricter regulation if they generate more than a few pounds of hazardous waste per month. Monroe County schools pay $60 to dispose of each one-gallon container of vapes. More than two thirds of the e-cigarettes collected by the county come from schools.“Our schools were very relieved because they had confiscated so much of this material,” Garland said. “If you think of all the high schools across the country, they are in a very difficult place right now.”Lithium in e-cigarette batteries is the same highly sought metal used to power electric vehicles and cellphones. But the quantities used in vaping devices are too small to warrant salvage. And nearly all disposable e-cigarette batteries are soldered into the device, making it impractical to separate them for recycling.Disposable e-cigarettes currently account for about 53% of the multi-billion U.S. vaping market, according to U.S. government figures, more than doubling since 2020.Their rise is a study in unintended consequences.In early 2020, the Food and Drug Administration banned nearly all flavors from reusable e-cigarettes like Juul, the cartridge-based device blamed for sparking a nationwide surge in underage vaping. But the policy didn't apply to disposables, opening the door to thousands of new varieties of fruit and candy-flavored vapes, almost all manufactured in China.In recent months the FDA has begun trying to block imports of several leading disposable brands, including Elf Bar and Esco Bar. Regulators consider them all illegal, but they have been unable to stop their entry to the U.S. and the devices are now ubiquitous in convenience stores, gas stations and other shops. FDA’s tobacco chief, Brian King, said in a statement that his agency “will continue to carefully consider the potential environmental impacts” of vaping products.THE COST OF CONFISCATING DISPOSABLE E-CIGARETTESIn 2020, New York City outlawed the vast majority of e-cigarette types, banning flavors that can appeal to youngsters.City employees conduct thousands of inspections annually, and last year issued more than 2,400 citations to corner stores and bodegas selling illegal flavored products. Adding to the challenge are THC vapes sold at hundreds of unlicensed marijuana shops, a separate but related problem that has mushroomed since New York's legalization of recreational pot.Since last November, officials have seized more than 449,000 vape units, according to city figures. New York City is spending about $1,400 to destroy each container of 1,200 confiscated vapes, but many more remain in city storage lockers. “I don’t think anyone ever considered the volume of these in our community,” said New York Sheriff Anthony Miranda, who leads a task force on the issue. “There’s a tremendous amount of resources going into this effort.” A recent lawsuit against four large vaping distributors aims to recoup some of the city's costs. For now, New Yorkers who vape can bring their used e-cigarettes to city-sponsored waste-collection events.Ultimately those vapes meet a familiar fate: They are shipped to Gum Springs, Arkansas, to be incinerated by Veolia, an international waste management firm. The company has incinerated more than 1.6 million pounds of vaping waste in recent years, mostly unsold inventory or discontinued products.Veolia executives say burning e-cigarettes' lithium batteries can damage their incinerators.“Ideally we don’t want to incinerate them because it has to be done very, very slowly. But if have to, we will,” said Bob Cappadona, who leads the company’s environmental services division.Veolia also handles e-cigarettes from Boulder County, Colorado, one of the only U.S. jurisdictions that actively tries to recycle e-cigarette batteries and components.Historically, Boulder has had one of the highest teen vaping rates in the country, peaking at nearly 33% in 2017. “It was like someone flicked the switch. Suddenly e-cigarettes were everywhere,” said Daniel Ryan, principal of Centaurus High School. Beginning in 2019, county officials began distributing bins to schools for confiscated or discarded e-cigarettes. Last year, they collected 3,500. County staffers sort the devices by type, separating those with removable batteries for recycling. Disposables are packed and shipped to Veolia's incinerator. Shelly Fuller, who directs the program, says managing vape waste has gotten more costly and labor intensive with the shift to disposables.“I kind of miss the days when we had Juuls and I could take each battery out and recycle them very easily,” Fuller said. “No one has time to dismantle a thousand Esco Bars.”___AP video journalist Joseph Frederick contributed to this story from New York___Follow Matthew Perrone on Twitter: @AP_FDAwriter___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.。三、活动当日22时至活动结束，视情在闻涛路、观澜路、博奥路、奔竞大道、扬帆路、丹枫路、机场城市大道、西兴路、风情大道、滨盛隧道等道路相关路口采取临时限制交通措施；博奥隧道新业路进口视情禁止机动车通行。四、活动当日17时至23时30分，闻涛路（含）、机场城市大道、奔竞大道、金鸡路、观澜路（含）合围区域内道路禁止重、中型载货汽车通行。

二 | 以上措施采取时，将视情在外围道路采取分流措施。大型活动期间，杭州奥体中心周边道路将采取临时交通管控措施，场馆内停车场暂停开放。为此，强烈建议大家选择绿色低碳交通方式出行。自驾观众，请前往地铁站旁停车场采用“P+R”的方式换乘地铁出行。确需驾车出行，请全程开启导航。过江通勤8月13日、8月14日恰逢工作日晚高峰，建议广大市民错峰出行，尽量避开17时-20时驾车过江。确需在此期间过江的，请避开博奥隧道、望江隧道，可选择彭埠大桥、复兴大桥、庆春隧道绕行。奥体周边通勤日常驾车途经闻涛路、观澜路、滨盛隧道、奔竞大道等奥体周边道路的司机朋友，建议从江南大道、机场城市大道绕行。奥体周边居民出行首先建议错峰出行。在演唱会进散场期间进出小区的小伙伴们建议按以下路线进出。

三 | 周边居民进出动线（进场期间）周边居民进出动线（散场期间）观众出行1地铁地铁6号/7号线【奥体中心站】、地铁6号线【博览中心站】均可直达。02高铁/飞机+地铁统一终点步行指引（所有人通用）地铁【奥体中心站C口】出站沿着主路直走，最先到达1号门检票口顺着道路继续往前走大约100米，抵达2号门检票口火车东站→奥体中心地铁站抵达火车东站，跟随站内导向标识，前往地铁6号线【火车东站（东广场）站】进站口乘坐地铁6号线（桂花西路方向），直达【奥体中心站】杭州站（城站火车站）→奥体中心地铁站抵达杭州站，跟随站内标识进入地铁站，乘坐地铁1号线（湘湖方向）坐到【江陵路站】下车，沿着站内“地铁6号线换乘”指示牌步行换乘搭乘地铁6号线（桂花西路方向），直达【奥体中心站】火车西站→奥体中心地铁站抵达火车西站，找到地下一层地铁入口，搭乘地铁19号线（永盛路方向）坐到【火车东站（东广场）站】下车，跟随标识换乘地铁6号线搭乘地铁6号线（桂花西路方向），直达【奥体中心站】火车南站→奥体中心地铁站抵达火车南站，出站后进入地铁站，乘坐地铁5号线（金星方向）坐到【长河站】下车，按站内指引换乘地铁6号线搭乘地铁6号线（桂花西路方向），直达【奥体中心站】萧山国际机场→奥体中心地铁站航站楼内跟随地铁7号线蓝色指引标识进站搭乘地铁7号线（吴山广场方向），无需换乘，直达【奥体中心站】03自驾车+地铁自驾车辆建议采取“P+R”方式停车、用餐、换乘地铁。（扫描下方对应二维码，可实现一键导航）江苏、上海、嘉兴、湖州方向来杭的自驾车辆可选择上城区波浪文化城区域：波浪文化城停车场。出停车场后步行约100米，由地铁市民中心站K、L口入站，乘坐7号线（江东二路方向）直达奥体中心站。

四 | ▲高德地图▲百度地图市民中心停车场。出停车场后步行约100米，由地铁市民中心站A、D口入站，乘坐7号线（江东二路方向）直达奥体中心站。▲高德地图▲百度地图丽水、衢州方向来杭的自驾车辆可选择滨江区江陵路区域：星耀城停车场。出停车场后步行约300米，由地铁江陵路站A口入站，乘坐地铁6号线（枸桔弄方向）直达奥体中心站、博览中心站。▲高德地图▲百度地图地铁江陵路站停车场。出停车场后步行约350米，由地铁江陵路站A口入站，乘坐地铁6号线（枸桔弄方向）直达奥体中心站、博览中心站。▲高德地图▲百度地图上海、宁波方向来杭的自驾车辆可选择萧山区钱江世纪公园区域：钱江世纪公园A区地下停车场。

五 | 出停车场后步行约500米，由地铁钱江世纪城站B口入站，乘坐地铁6号线（桂花西路方向）直达奥体中心站、博览中心站。▲高德地图▲百度地图朝龙汇D+PARK停车场。

六 | 出停车场后步行约180米，由地铁钱江世纪城站E2口入站，乘坐地铁6号线（桂花西路方向）直达奥体中心站、博览中心站。▲高德地图▲百度地图绍兴、金华方向来杭的自驾车辆可选择明星路区域：明星路停车场。出停车场后步行约200米，由地铁明星路站C口入站，乘坐地铁7号线（吴山广场方向）直达奥体中心站。▲高德地图▲百度地图裕隆大厦停车场。出停车场后步行约200米（约3分钟），由地铁明星路站B口入站，乘坐地铁7号线（吴山广场方向）直达奥体中心站。▲高德地图▲百度地图4网约车进场期间，请根据导航或现场工作人员指挥，在规定区域上下客，即停即走；散场期间，选择打车离场的小伙伴请注意！千万别在原地等网约车。强烈建议乘坐几站地铁后再下来打车，将会非常方便！或者从奥体中心1号门或3号门出发，沿飞虹路-滨盛路步行约1300米至养正巷打车，或沿奥体中心二号桥步行600米至国际博览中心网约车通道打车。散场期间打车步行动线杭州公安交管特别提醒《浙江省实施<中华人民共和国道路交通安全法>办法》第五十条第六项规定：自行车、电动自行车限载一名十二周岁以下未成年人，十二周岁以上十六周岁以下的未成年人驾驶自行车不得载人。电动自行车超载会增加车身重量，使车辆操控性能降低，遇上紧急情况惯性加大，极易因刹车不及造成事故。